Contributions of the 7 Rivers Civilization to Science and Technology

The Seven Rivers Civilization, located in the Indus Valley and the Sarasvati Basin, has made history with its advances in science and technology. Here are some of its remarkable contributions, which continue to amaze researchers and historians.

1. Advanced urban planning

Cities like Mohenjo-daro, Harappa, Rakhigarhi and Kalibangan show exceptional urban planning. Streets were organized in a well-thought-out grid, with residential quarters separated from commercial and craft areas. Dwellings were often equipped with drainage systems, a rare innovation at that time.

2. Sophisticated water systems

The inhabitants had developed water distribution networks, including wells, cisterns and canals for irrigation. The underground drainage systems, which prevented stagnant water and flooding, demonstrate great technical mastery.

3. Advanced metallurgy

The artisans of the Seven Rivers civilization worked with metals such as copper, bronze, and gold. They made high-quality tools, weapons, and jewelry. These techniques, often performed with remarkable precision, demonstrated an excellent understanding of the properties of materials.

4. Standardization of weights and measures

To facilitate trade, they standardized weights and measures. Stone scales and weights have been found at several sites, suggesting a well-organized trading system.

5. Sustainable architecture and construction

The bricks used for construction were of a standard size, which allowed for better stability of the structures. The buildings were designed to maximize natural ventilation, an example of ingenuity in dealing with the hot climate.

6. Knowledge of mathematics

Although no written documents have been deciphered, the geometric patterns on their seals and pottery show an understanding of mathematics. The regular proportions of urban structures also reveal advanced skills in geometry.

7. Seals and writing

The Seven Rivers civilization used seals engraved with symbols, often accompanied by animal motifs. Although their writing has not yet been deciphered, it testifies to an effort to record information, probably related to trade or rituals.

8. Health and hygiene

The inhabitants placed great importance on hygiene. The houses had bathrooms connected to drainage systems, a practice that was not common in any other civilization of the time.

9. Agriculture and water-related innovations

Irrigation was well controlled, allowing the cultivation of cereals such as barley and wheat. Agricultural techniques were adapted to seasonal variations, showing a thorough knowledge of natural cycles.

An inspiration for the future

The achievements of the Seven Rivers civilization demonstrate a practical and innovative spirit. These advances, although made several millennia ago, continue to inspire with their simplicity and effectiveness. This civilization has proven that human ingenuity can flourish in a harmonious and sustainable environment.