Signs of prosperity and decline in Ganweriwala

Ganweriwala is one of the great cities of the Seven Rivers civilization, located in present-day Pakistan, in the Cholistan desert. This city, although less known than Mohenjo-Daro or Harappa, offers fascinating clues about the prosperity and decline of this civilization.

Signs of prosperity

1. A well-planned city
   Ganweriwala shows an advanced urban organization, with clearly defined neighborhoods and streets arranged in an orderly network. This structure suggests a society that mastered the art of planning.
2. Presence of a hydraulic system
   Traces of ancient canals and reservoirs show that water management was crucial for the inhabitants of Ganweriwala. They probably used these infrastructures for irrigation and collecting drinking water.
3. Crafts and Trade
   Ceramic objects, beads and seals found at the site attest to the importance of crafts. These products were probably traded with other cities of the Seven Rivers Civilization and even beyond.
4. Proximity to the Sarasvati
   Ganweriwala was located near the Sarasvati, a sacred river that played a central role in the economic and spiritual life of this civilization. The rich soils and abundant water favored agriculture and urban development.

Signs of decline

1. Climate change
   The main factor behind the decline appears to be climate change. The Sarasvati River, which was a vital source for the region, has gradually dried up, reducing water resources.
2. Decline of trade
   The once thriving trade networks appear to have been disrupted as other urban centres declined, leaving Ganweriwala’s economy vulnerable.
3. Absence of fortifications
   Unlike other cities, Ganweriwala does not show signs of massive fortifications. This indicates a peaceful society.
4. Migration of populations
   As the river dried up and resources declined, the inhabitants probably migrated to more fertile regions or to other more stable cities.

Ganweriwala: A Window to the Past

Ganweriwala is a testament to the capabilities and challenges of the Seven Rivers Civilization. Its remains remind us how this society thrived on harmony with its environment, but also how natural upheavals could lead to its decline. The study of Ganweriwala continues to illuminate the mysteries of this fascinating civilization.